Food Safety Essays - 845 Words

Food Safety Training: Importance and Methodologies The CDC estimates that there are approximately 76 million cases of foodborne illness each year. As a food service professional, it is your job to do everything possible to ensure that the food being served is safe. The factors that ensure food safety are personal hygiene, cleaning and sanitizing, food storage, food preparation methods, holding, reheating, and serving. What is appropriate, necessary, and safe with regard to these factors might mean different things to different people making training imperative, and a thorough training program should include each of these aspects. Equally as important as the content of the training, are the training tools and methods used to†¦show more content†¦Classroom training offers an opportunity for activity-based learning. Activity based learning includes information search, guided discussion, role, play, demonstrations, jigsaw design, training videos DVDs, and games. Each of these activities is discussed below. Information s earch involves putting trainees into small groups and giving them a specific question that they will have to research and discuss. Guided discussion involves asking progressive questions to pull on the trainee’s existing knowledge and any gaps in knowledge are filled in by the trainer. In role-play, a script is created and volunteers are asked to act it out; the skit should depict the right way and wrong way to handle a task; the group of trainees is then asked to discuss what transpired during the role-play. The most effective demonstration model is the Tell/Show/Practice model. Using this model, the trainee is shown how to perform a task, told how to perform the task, and then the trainee is asked to perform the task. Jigsaw design is similar to information search in that it requires trainees to group up into small groups to research a topic and then teach about what they learned. The difference is that one person is taken from each group to form a new group and each pers on within the new group teaches that group about his/her topic. If training videosShow MoreRelatedCommunication and Food Safety2764 Words   |  12 Pagesrestaurant is aware of the food safety issue hence they are supportive toward Barry in his food safety efforts but because of high turnover of employees, eventually food training safety is omitted. It seems like the food safety issue is getting serious when one day Barry stepped into the kitchen and noticed several trays of uncooked meat sitting out in the kitchen area. After all these incidents, he has taken many effort to get employees to be safe in how the handle food. 1. What are the communicationRead MoreFood Safety Essay1069 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿1-What type of hazard could occur by wearing jewelry while preparing food? A-Physical and biological 2- The greatest concern about having the pests in restaurants is that they will ----------- A-? 3-bactarial growth can be minimized by ------ A- Time temperature oxygen moisture 4-The term sanitizing is defind as: A- Reducing harmful microorganism to safe level 5-The proper sequence for cleaning food contact in a three compartment sink is: A- Wash,rinse and sanitize 6- Which will be the best methodRead MoreConsumer Awareness On Food Safety2617 Words   |  11 PagesSummary This study identifies that costs of food safety are high in the developed world, and consumer awareness on food safety practices is lacking especially in younger consumers. The explosion of ever increasing fast food chains and poor food eating practices by Consumers, New Zealanders’ increasingly are getting affected by Obesity and diseases such as Diabetes. According to the World Health Organisation, New Zealand has an Obesity rate of 27% (who.int, 2008) and is ranked the 12th most overweightRead MoreFood Safety Management Systems9052 Words   |  37 PagesPart 1 Food Safety and the Law. Food safety management procedures Guests choose a restaurant because they trust and believe that the establishment shall always fulfill their demands and expectations both the expressed and unexpressed expectations. They trust that the food cooked in the restaurant is safe to eat and will not make them sick after eating. Providing customers with safe food is not only important for the success of a business but also mandatory by law. A Food safety ManagementRead MoreAn Overview Of Food Safety Essay1478 Words   |  6 PagesAn Overview of Food Safety Unsafe food has been a human health problem since history was first recorded, and many food safety problems encountered today are not new. 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Food can transmit disease from individual to individual, and also servesRead MoreCanada s Food Safety System Essay1958 Words   |  8 Pages Hub Cafeteria Inspection Food hygiene: ENH 433 Professor Richard Meldrum Faisal Hussain ID: 500635004 Introduction Canada’s food safety system is globally recognized as one of the safest system, because we believe food safety is the responsibility of everyone in the food environment. The Canadian Food Inspection Agency (CFIA) is responsible for food safety at federal level. CFIA impose food safety and nutritional standards set by Health Canada. Ministry of Health and Long TermRead MoreFood Safety, Food, And Food Choice At Mcdonalds1167 Words   |  5 PagesThis represents a low-calorie food choice at McDonalds, an example of how Public Health practices continue to influence how we eat. Throughout history, advances in food science and technology have played a pivotal role in making food safer and healthier for an ever evolving society. Today, we have much greater access to an abundant, diverse food supply that is largely safe, convenient, nutritious, flavorful, and less costly than ever before. This access to such food is largely because of Public HealthRead MoreEffect Of Food Safety Management Essay1675 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction Food safety has arising international concern, not only for its continuing significance to public health, but also because of its impact on international trade (Burros, 1997). Motarjemi and Mortimore (2005) affirmed that ensuring food safety in now day s complicated world is a difficult task and is possible only with a essential effort of all sectors implying government, consumer organizations and industry (Motarjemi, 2000). Which the sharing of food sector experts developedRead MoreThe Food Safety Modernization Act1212 Words   |  5 PagesFood is considered a basic necessity in order to live. Each year, foodborne illnesses strike 48 million Americans, hospitalizing approximately 128,000 people and killing 3,000 (â€Å"Estimating Foodborne Illness†). Over time, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has implemented various legislations in order to prevent illnesses and reduce risks. In 2011, the Food Safety Modernization Act (FSMA) was signed by the President which wa s considered to be a â€Å"historical legislation† (Hamburg). Along the course

Strayer Cis500 Assignment 1 Free Essays

1. Compare and contrast the application of information technology (IT) to optimize police departments’ performance to reduce crime versus random patrols of the streets. In recent years, the idea of predictive policing, or the use of statistics and data to make policing decisions, has become widely popular in the United States. We will write a custom essay sample on Strayer Cis500 Assignment 1 or any similar topic only for you Order Now In 1994, the New York City Police Department adopted a law enforcement crime fighting strategy known as COMPSTAT (Computer Statistics). COMPSTAT uses Geographic Information Systems (GIS) to map the locations of where crimes occur, identify â€Å"hotspots†, and map problem areas. COMPSTAT has amassed a wealth of historical crime data. Mathematicians have designed and developed algorithms that run against the historical data to predict future crimes for police departments. The purpose of this paper is to briefly examine predictive policing and how tools such as COMPSTAT allow police departments to respond more efficiently to criminal activity. Using information technology to fight crime by the police officers is becoming increasingly effective in apprehending the crime perpetrators. Predictive policing, or programs such as COMPSTAT, involves using data from disparate sources, analyzing them and then using the results to anticipate, prevent and respond more effectively to future crimes. â€Å"The predictive vision moves law enforcement from focusing on what will happen and how to effectively deploy resources in front of the crime, thereby changing outcomes,† writes Charlie Beck, chief of the Los Angeles Police Department (Predictive Policing: The Future of Law Enforcement, NIJ, 2012). From the early 1800s to the 1980s, patrol and criminal investigation dominated policing. Uniformed police patrolled the streets to prevent crime, to interrupt crimes in progress, and to apprehend criminals. However, research since the 1960s has shown the limits of both patrol and investigation for controlling crime. Patrol officers did not effectively prevent crime by questioning suspects, victims, and witnesses. In the 1990s, the police adopted  predictive policing strategies  in which police initiate action instead of waiting for calls. Patrol remains the backbone of police operations. It consumes most of the resources of police agencies. On patrol, a police officer makes regular circuits or passes through a specific area. Studies of foot patrol indicate that these patrols are costly and do not reduce crime. Because crime is not evenly distributed throughout a community, which means some places need more patrol than others. The tradition of giving each neighborhood an equal amount of patrol wastes police resource, so the tradition of giving each neighborhood an equal amount of patrol just wastes police resources, however, which can make citizens less fearful of crime and improve citizen attitudes toward the police(CliffsNotes. om. ). While predictive police operations focus on the concentration of crime in certain offenders, places, and victims. Predictive operations include using decoys, going undercover, raiding, relying on informants, stopping and frisking suspects, shadowing repeat offenders, policing repeat-complaint locations, and saturating an area with police to maintain order which can be an effective method to prevent crime(CliffsNotes. com. ). 2. Describe how COMPSTAT, as an information system (IS), implements the four (4) basic IS functions: 1. Input, 2. Processing, 3. Output, 4. Feedback. COMPSTAT is the name given to the New York City Police Department’s accountability process and has since been replicated in many other departments. COMPSTAT is a management philosophy or organizational management tool for police departments, roughly equivalent to  Six Sigma  or TQM, and is not a computer system or software package. † (State of CA, 2010). COMPSTAT as an information system implements the four basic IS functions in the following ways: Input Data gathering process which is the building block of COMPSTAT is comprised of information compiled from variety of sources like police incidents, arrest reports, suspect debriefing, telephone calls, and field interview reports. Pushing the data into the Incident Reporting System will help to maintain a database for future reference (Willis et al. , 2003). Processing The collection of data is presented during every COMPSTAT meeting. This would be entered into a database using a data management program like MS Access. This task is performed by the Crime Analysis Unit (CAU). These analysts classify, categorize, aggregate and analyze the data in order to gain a detailed report including many details like date, location, day and other information related to the crime. At this stage they would be able to identify a targeted response that may be the source of concern. This report provides useful identification of crime patterns like the point of entry for a burglary or make and model of a stolen vehicle (Willis et al. , 2003, Pg 48-50). Further by using GIS (Geographic Information Systems) data and spatial analysis geographic hot spots are located and mapped to the data. Output Once the data is processed, it is presented to the department commanders. With available intelligence they should devise a strategy and deploy resources with expertise to tactfully pre-empt a crime situation and follow it up to ensure performance and results were as desired. These are key steps or principles which guide the departments patrol and investigative work: * Accurate and timely intelligence, * Rapid deployment * Effective tactics, and * Relentless follow-up and assessment (William J. Bratton, 1999 pg-15). Feedback The key element of improvement is feedback. As it includes data, any error related to this aspect should be avoided. Consistent and correct data has to be entered into the incident reporting system and database. Accurate report writing should be followed while recording incidents. Extensive data analysis to identify the root cause of crime becomes mandatory. Regular meetings and brainstorming session should be conducted to improve data collection and teams involved should be evaluated. Learning from past mistakes should never be avoided. Continuous aiming at innovation and integration with latest technology to keep the system up to date can provide better results. Periodic assessments of performance and gaps in accomplishing set goals and objectives should be reviewed so that corrective measures can be taken to fill the gaps to meet desired results. 3. Determine how information systems have allowed police departments that implement tools such as COMPSTAT to respond to crime faster. With the implementation of information systems real time access to data has become easier. Identification of hot spots related to crime is possible and problem solving has become proactive instead of reactive. Monitoring of multiple locations and futuristic crime and its patterns can be detected. This allows operations to be carried with fewer resources, and reduced random patrols. Further it provides a platform for administering vast information which enables better decision making and problem solving. By demanding accountability it facilitates team work and police personnel are now working together to accomplish set goals faster thereby reducing crime. 4. Apply the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats analysis (SWOT analysis) on behalf of police departments that intend to implement predictive policing. SWOT Analysis of Predictive Policing SWOT Analysis of Predictive Policing Strengths: The strength of predictive policing is that it allows resources to be used more efficiently because they can be deployed to specific locations in which crimes are likely to occur and for specific types of crimes. In this regard, it is also easier to prevent crime from occurring as opposed to merely responding to it (Goode, 2011). Weaknesses: Predictive policing is often treated as being solely related to the use of computers and data to the detriment of involving front-line police officers in the decision-making process. This can result in police officers feeling both disrespected and unimportant in performing police work (Willis, Mastrofski ; Weisburd, 2003). Opportunities: Predictive policing provides for the opportunity for police departments to reduce criminal activity at a lower cost to taxpayers. Police departments can prevent crime from occurring rather than using limited resources to respond to crimes once they have occurred and hoping responses will deter other criminals (Pearsall, 2010). Threats: The primary threat related to predictive policing is that some police officers, particularly older police officers, are skeptical of the use of statistics and data in place of traditional street patrols. This could result in predictive policing efforts not being carried out in a way that will allow them to be as successful as possible. Conclusion The information contained in this brief paper has shown that with the use of information technology and programs such as COMPSTAT, predictive policing can result in a reduction in crime by predicting where it will occur rather than responding to it once it has occurred. However, predictive policing can have problems if the sole focus is on the use of information technology. Instead, police officers and the general public must be included in the process. Their feedback must be solicited as part of the larger process. Otherwise, they have the ability to derail any reductions in crime and improvements in performance that might be possible from predictive policing. References 1. Goode, E. (2011, August 15). Sending the police before there’s a crime. Retrieved from http://www. nytimes. com/2011/08/us/16police. html 2. Pearsall, B. (2010, May). Predictive policing: The future of law enforcement? National Institute 3. Willis, J. J. , Mastrofski, S. D. , ; Weisburd, D. (2003). Compstat in practice: An in-depth Analysis of three cities. Police Foundation. Retrieved from http://www. policefoundation. org/pdf/compstatinpractice. pdf 4. CliffsNotes. com. Police Strategies. Retrieved April,12th, 2012, from http://www. cliffsnotes. com/study_guide/topicArticleId-10065,articleId-9953. html 5. Bratton, W. J. ; Malinowski, S. W. (2008). Police performance management in practice: Taking COMPSTAT to the next level. Policing, 2(3), 259-265. How to cite Strayer Cis500 Assignment 1, Papers

Jerome Bruner free essay sample

He attended and received his B. A. from Duke University in 1937 and his Ph. D from Harvard University in 1941. As an American psychologist, he has contributed greatly to cognitive psychology and the cognitive learning theory in educational psychology, as well as to history and the general philosophy of education. He was on the faculty in the Department of Psychology at Harvard University from 1952 – 1972. He published his book â€Å"The Process of Education† in 1960. This book influenced many young researchers and led to a great deal of experimentation and a wide range of educational programs. In the early 70’s, he left Harvard University to become a tutor at the University of Oxford up until 1979, after which he returned to Harvard University. Later he joined the New York University of Law, where he became a Senior Researcher (at the age of 93). THEORY Jerome Bruner is one of the founding fathers of Constructivist Theory. Constructivism is an extensive theoretical framework with several perspectives, and Bruners is only one. Bruners hypothetical framework is based on the theme that learners create new ideas or concepts based upon existing knowledge. Learning is an active process. Aspects of the process include selection and transformation of information, decision making, generating hypotheses, and making meaning from information and experiences. Jerome Bruner believes that teachers need: †¢To understand the relationship between motivation and learning; †¢To understand how structure relates to the whole; To learn to form â€Å"global concepts†; †¢ To learn how to build â€Å"coherent patterns† of learning; †¢To understand that facts without meaning are not learned; and †¢To believe that any subject can be taught to any child. (â€Å"Any subject can be taught effectively in some intellectually honest form to any child at any stage of development† (Bruner, 1960, p. 33). Four Key themes emerged in Bruners early work. These were: a)the Structure which refers to relationships among factual elements and techniques. )the Spiral Curriculum which refers to the idea of reiterating basic ideas over and over, building upon them and elaborating on the concepts to the level of full understanding and mastery. Bruner believed that any subject could be taught at any stage of development in a way that fit the childs cognitive abilities. c)intuitive and analytical thinking which Bruner considered should both be rewarded and encouraged. d)motivation for learning which he felt that interest in the subject matter was the best stimulus for learning. Ideally, Jerome Bruner writes, interest in the material to be learned is the best stimulus to learning, rather than such external goals as grades or later competitive advantage (ibid. : 14). The following are the four features of Bruner’s Theory of Instruction. a)Predisposition to learn: This aspect in particular states the experiences which move the learner toward a love of learning in general, or of learning something specifically. Motivational, cultural, and personal factors contribute to this. Bruner accentuated social factors and early teachers’ and parents influence on this. He believed learning and problem solving emerged out of exploration. Part of the task of a teacher is to preserve and guide a childs natural explorations. b)The Structure of Knowledge: In this feature, he believes that it is possible to structure knowledge in such a way that enables the learner to more readily grasp the information. c)Modes of Representation: He believes that children go through three stages of intellectual development or main changes before reaching maturity. These are: the enactive stage; the iconic stage; and the symbolic stage. i)The enactive stage: â€Å"knowledge is stored primarily in the form of motor responses. † (Alexander 2002). In this stage, children learn through the form of motor skills and experimentation by the manipulation of objects in their environment. e. g. a child may see a colourful toy and become fascinated by it, but the said toy only becomes real to the child if the child can see, touch or manipulate it. This stage spans from birth t o eighteen months of age. (ii)The iconic stage: â€Å"knowledge is stored primarily in the form of visual images† (Alexander 2002. In this stage, a child learns through viewing of objects. The individual is able to develop mental images of events. e. g. (iii)The symbolic stage: â€Å"knowledge is stored primarily as words, mathematical symbols, or in other symbol systems† (Alexander 2002). In this stage, the learner develops the capacity to think in abstract terms and uses language or other symbols to represent information. e. g. knowing that x + 2 = 6, therefore the value of x must be 4. Based on this three-stage notion, Bruner recommended that using a combination of concrete, pictorial and then symbolic activities will lead to more effective learning. However, unlike Jean Piaget’s theory, Bruner does not restrict these developmental stages to any specific age group but believes that these can be applied all through life. This example is taken from Bruner (1973): The concept of prime numbers appears to be more readily grasped when the child, through construction, discovers that certain handfuls of beans cannot be laid out in completed rows and columns. Such quantities have either to be laid out in a single file or in an incomplete row-column design in which there is always one extra or one too few to fill the pattern. These patterns, the child learns, happen to be called prime. It is easy for the child to go from this step to the recognition that a multiple table, so called, is a record sheet of quantities in completed multiple rows and columns. Here is factoring, multiplication and primes in a construction that can be visualized. Figure 1 A child would begin at the bottom of the pyramid and eventually escalate to the peak. d)Effective sequencing which suggests that learning takes place in the order of the aforementioned modes of representation. Bruners theories emphasize the significance of categorization in learning. To perceive is to categorize, to conceptualize is to categorize, to learn is to form categories, to make decisions is to categorize. Interpreting information and experiences by similarities and differences is a key concept. (Jerome Bruner) SECTION B Scaffolding can be very useful in the learning process. This is a key derived from Vygotsky’s notion of social learning (Wood, Bruner, Ross, 1976). This is basically the assistance provided by adults or more competent peers in the process of learning. This provides the child with a great deal of support in the earlier stages of learning, and then lessens that support or help when the child becomes more confident and is able to carry out given tasks on its own. Some types of scaffolding are: i) Reciprocal Scaffolding – A teacher in the classroom may use reciprocal scaffolding as a means to help pupils further understand a concept that is taught. This can come in the form of grouping students together (this can be a small group of about three or four pupils). These pupils should also have a diversity of levels whereas they would be able to learn from each other’s knowledge and experience. Assign a task to these pupils and allow them to come up with their own solution to the problem. According to the theory, this method gives the weaker child the opportunity to develop higher-level thinking skills. ii) Contingent Scaffolding – With this type of scaffolding, a teacher may circulate around the classroom giving each pupil the opportunity to converse with him/ her on a one-on-one basis. The teacher would be able to view and question each child’s methods individually and be able to provide constructive feedback. According to the encyclopedia of primary education, (Hayes, 2010) Discovery Learning is an open ended form of problem solving in which the teacher provides an introductory activity or stimulus on a relevant theme or topic to gain the children’s interest, stir their natural curiosity and raise the level of enthusiasm and motivation. One type of discovery learning is: i)Guided Discovery – this is a reflective teaching technique. With guided discovery, a teacher may provide pupils with adequate background information on a specific topic. The pupils are then given the opportunity and much of the responsibility for finding relationships and organizing knowledge. The teacher may ask pupils to discuss familiar topics. The teacher is careful to provide the necessary guidance to ensure that discovery and learning occur. Guided discovery is generally more effective than open discovery learning (Mayer, 2002).

The Morning After Pill Essays - Hormonal Contraception,

The Morning After Pill The Morning After Pill The emergency contraception pill, often wrongly called the abortion pill, is a solution to the high teen pregnancy rate in the USA. There were 521,826 teen mothers in the United States in 1990 (Adolescent pregnancy 2). The United States also has the highest rate of pregnancy, abortion, and childbirth among teenagers than any other country (McKeown 1). Also, the Untied States spends an unbelievable 7 billion dollars a year on teen pregnancy costs (National Campaign To Prevent Teen Pregnancy 1). Not only does teen pregnancy cause problems for the babies of these mothers, and the United States tax payers, but the teen mothers themselves suffer too. Teen mothers are less likely to finish high school and are at a greater risk of abusing or neglecting their children (National Campaign To Prevent Teen Pregnancy 2). Teen pregnancy is a flaw in the United States that is not going away, but getting worse with every generation. Despite attempts to educate children about sex, contraception and a bstinence the rate of teen pregnancy is still extremely high. The emergency contraception pill, ECP, is a good solution for these pregnant teenage girls and for the United States tax payers. An argument that most people have is that the emergency contraception pill is an abortion pill, and should not be used to combat teen pregnancy. This assumption is not an accurate one. The emergency contraception pill is not anything like the RU-486 pill, which is known as the abortion pill. The way the RU-486 works, is when taken a chemical abortion occurs (Mathewes-Green 1). The pill can be taken up to 63 days from the first day of a woman's period. The way the RU-486 forces an abortion is when the pill is taken it causes the woman to have uterine contractions and miscarry within 4 hours. The fetus is expelled from the woman just as if she would have had a regular abortion (Mathewes-Green 2). The RU-486 is an abortion pill. Taking the RU-486 is like having a surgical abortion. The ECP should no longer be confused with the RU-486 pill. The ECP prevents conception instead of inducing a miscarriage (Rosenthal 2). The ECP is taken before fertilization has taken place, while the RU-486 pill is killing the child because it has already matured into a fetus. (Stewart 9). Many people think taking this pill is just like killing their child, as if they were taking the RU-486 pill or getting a surgical abortion. This is an incorrect assumption on their part. The ECP is taken within 72 hours of having unprotected sex, before the egg has been fertilized. This proves that the ECP is not interfering with reproduction (Stewart 9). Since the ECP is not an abortion pill, then how does it work? There are ten brands of emergency contraception pills, Ovral, Lo/Ovral, Levien, Nordette, Levora, Alesse, Tri-Levien, Triphasil, Trivora, and Ovrette. These brands contain different combinations of Norgestrel, Ethinyl Estradiol, and Levonorgestrel (Stewart 7). The emergency contraception pill is much like birth control pills that many women take on an everyday basis, but just contain a higher dosage of hormones then regular birth control pills (McKeown 1). The pills should be taken within 72 hours of unprotected intercourse to ensure effectiveness. Treatment is divided into two doses. The first dose is taken within 72 hours of unprotected intercourse. The second dose is taken within 12 hours of the first dose (Rosenthal 1). The pills should be taken with food and a anti-nausea pill such as Dramamine to reduce nausea . The doctor or health care provider will include an extra set of pills in case the patient vomits after tak ing a dose of the medication. If vomiting occurs within 2 hours of treatment, then the extra dose of pills should be taken. If vomiting occurs the patient should call the health care provider just to double check with them on what they should do (Stewart 7). The main side effect is nausea which is experienced by 50% of women who take these pills. Some very rare side effects include clots in the legs, lungs, stroke, high blood pressure and liver damage. These side effects are greater for smokers

Free Essays on Women And Young People Are Offered Certain Protection In The Workplace

A CONTRACT OF EMPLOYMENT is a contract between an employer and an employee, which should be in writing, and should carry certain elements of a basic contract. There must be an offer, an acceptance; intention to create legal relations; consideration; capacity and the objects of the contract must be legal. An offer is a promise, which is capable of acceptance, to be bound on particular terms. The offer sets out the terms upon which the offeror is willing to enter into contractual relations with the offeree. In order to form a binding agreement, the acceptance must correspond with the terms of the offer. The general rule is that acceptance must be communicated to the offeror. Exceptions are where – the offeror has waived the right to receive communication, or acceptance is through the postal service. The law courts will only enforce those agreements which the parties intended to have legal effect. In commercial and business agreements there is a rebuttal presumption that the parties intend to create legal relations. However, agreements between employers and trade unions, although commercial in nature, are deemed as gentlemen agreements, and are presumed not to give rise to legal relations. Consideration is provided either at the time of the creation of a contract or at a later date. It consists of â€Å"some benefit† to the promisor or detriment to the promisee, and must be sufficient but need not be adequate. The courts will not enquire into the economics of a transaction as long as some consideration is provided. The parties in a contract must have the capacity to enter into a legal, binding agreement. Thus, persons must be over the age of 18 years, must be of sound mind and have the skill and experience necessary to carry out the job. Therefore, if a persons who purports to be able to do a particular job and then cannot, would be in breach of the contract. The objects of the contract must be legal and must not... Free Essays on Women And Young People Are Offered Certain Protection In The Workplace Free Essays on Women And Young People Are Offered Certain Protection In The Workplace A CONTRACT OF EMPLOYMENT is a contract between an employer and an employee, which should be in writing, and should carry certain elements of a basic contract. There must be an offer, an acceptance; intention to create legal relations; consideration; capacity and the objects of the contract must be legal. An offer is a promise, which is capable of acceptance, to be bound on particular terms. The offer sets out the terms upon which the offeror is willing to enter into contractual relations with the offeree. In order to form a binding agreement, the acceptance must correspond with the terms of the offer. The general rule is that acceptance must be communicated to the offeror. Exceptions are where – the offeror has waived the right to receive communication, or acceptance is through the postal service. The law courts will only enforce those agreements which the parties intended to have legal effect. In commercial and business agreements there is a rebuttal presumption that the parties intend to create legal relations. However, agreements between employers and trade unions, although commercial in nature, are deemed as gentlemen agreements, and are presumed not to give rise to legal relations. Consideration is provided either at the time of the creation of a contract or at a later date. It consists of â€Å"some benefit† to the promisor or detriment to the promisee, and must be sufficient but need not be adequate. The courts will not enquire into the economics of a transaction as long as some consideration is provided. The parties in a contract must have the capacity to enter into a legal, binding agreement. Thus, persons must be over the age of 18 years, must be of sound mind and have the skill and experience necessary to carry out the job. Therefore, if a persons who purports to be able to do a particular job and then cannot, would be in breach of the contract. The objects of the contract must be legal and must not...

No Two Snowflakes Alike - True or False

No Two Snowflakes Alike - True or False Youve likely been told no two snowflakes are alike that each is as individual as a human fingerprint. Yet, if youve had the chance to closely examine snowflakes, some snow crystals do look like others. Whats the truth? It depends how closely you look. To understand why theres dispute about snowflake similarity, start by understanding how snowflakes work. How Snowflakes Form Snowflakes are crystals of water, which has the chemical formula H2O. There are multiple ways water molecules can bond and stack with each other, depending on the temperature, air pressure, and concentration of water in the atmosphere (humidity). Generally the chemical bonds in the water molecule dictate the traditional 6-sided snowflake shape. One a crystal starts forming, it uses the initial structure as the basis to form branches. The branches may continue to grow or they can melt and reform depending on conditions. Why Two Snowflakes Can Look the Same Since a group of snowflakes falling at the same time form under similar conditions, theres a decent chance if you look at enough snowflakes, two or more will look the same to the naked eye or under a light microscope. If you compare snow crystals at the early stages or formation, before they have had a chance to branch out much, the odds that two of them might look alike is high. Snow scientist  Jon Nelson at Ritsumeikan University in Kyoto, Japan, says snowflakes kept between  8.6 ºF and 12.2 ºF (-13 ºC and -11 ºC) maintain these simple structures for a long time and can fall to Earth, where it would be hard to tell them apart just looking at them. Although many snowflakes are six-sided branched structures (dendrites) or hexagonal plates, other snow crystals form needles, which basically look much like each other. Needles form between 21 °F and 25 °F and sometimes reach the ground intact. If you consider snow needles and columns to be snow flakes, you have examples of crystals that look alike. Why No Two Snowflakes Are Alike While snowflakes might appear the same, at a molecular level, its very nearly impossible for two to be the same. There are multiple reasons for this: Water is made from a mixture of hydrogen and oxygen isotopes. These isotopes have slightly different properties from each other, altering the crystal structure formed using them. While the three natural isotopes of oxygen dont significantly affect crystal structure, the three isotopes of hydrogen are distinctly different. About 1 in 3,000 water molecules contains the hydrogen isotope deuterium. Even if one snowflake contains the same number of deuterium atoms as another snowflake, they wont occur in the exact same places in the crystals.Snowflakes are made up of so many molecules, its unlikely any two snowflakes are exactly the same size. Snow scientist  Charles Knight with the National Center for Atmospheric Research in Boulder, Colorado estimates each snow crystal contains around 10,000,000,000,000,000,000 water molecules. The number of ways these molecules can arrange themselves is nearly infinite. Each snowflake is exposed to slightly different conditions, so even if you starte d with two identical crystals, they wouldnt be the same as each by the time they reached the surface. Its like comparing identical twins. They might share the same DNA, but they are different from each other, especially as time passes and they have unique experiences. Each snowflake forms around a tiny particle, like a dust mote or pollen particle. Since the shape and size of the starting material isnt the same, snowflakes dont even start out alike. To summarize, its fair to say sometimes two snowflakes look alike, especially if they are simple shapes, but if you examine any two snowflakes closely enough, each will be unique.

BUSINESS LAW Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

BUSINESS LAW - Case Study Example Estoppel becomes applicable, only if the representation relied upon by the person claiming the benefit is unambiguous. In addition, the person claiming estoppel should undergo a detriment if there is a departure from the terms of the promise. As opined in Legione v Hateley, the party claiming estoppel should be placed in a situation wherein there would be a detriment to it, if the promise was to be broken (Gillies, 2004, p. 178). In order to deem the promise of the promisor to be consideration, it has to be proved that the promise was given or the act performed on the basis of the promisor’s request. Moreover, there should have been reliance upon the promise made by the promisor. The doctrine of promissory estoppel emerged with the decision in Central London Property Trust Ltd v High Trees House Ltd. Such existence has been subsequently confirmed in rulings made in England and Australia. This all important principle was defined in the following manner, during the ruling in Combe v Combe. Whenever, one of the parties makes to the other party a promise that has the intention of influencing the legal relations between them, and if the other party relies on this promise and acts on it, then the first party cannot revert to the prior legal relationship between them (Gillies, 2004, p. 178). Thus, promissory estoppel has an effect that is similar to a breach of promise. In instances, wherein a party convinces another party that a contract would emerge from their negotiations and subsequently fails to keep its word, the court can prevent such a party from resorting to the defense of absence of contract (Miller & Cross, 2012, p. 321).In such cases, it is deemed that a contract between these parties is in place. In order to establish promissory estoppel, the following conditions have to be proved. The presumption of a specific legal relationship between the first and second parties. The second

Exploring the Logic of Experimental Design Statistics Project

Exploring the Logic of Experimental Design - Statistics Project Example bjects design is their ability to establish a relationship between a dependent variable and different factors and the fact that the two designs have the same number of participants in each treatment of an experiment (Gravetter and Forzano, 2011). However, while each participant in a within subject design is subjected to all treatments in an experiment, each participant in a matched subjects design is only subjected to one treatment. Correlation in within- subjects design is done across treatments while correlation in matched- subjects design is done across groups of participants. Similarly, subjects are measured in more than one condition in a within- subjects design while measurements on participants in a matched- subjects design occurs only in one condition of an experiment (Gravetter and Forzano, 2011). An experiment’s purpose is to collect data and establish properties of the collected data towards conclusion on a subject. An experimental design accomplishes its purpose by providing approach for conducting the experiment (Jackson, 2011). One of the advantages of experimental design is its high degree of internal validity due to randomization effect that eliminates biasness and causality. It also has a high â€Å"construct validity,† especially when the constructs can be manipulated (Smith and Mackie, 2000, p. 36). The design’s major disadvantage is however in its low â€Å"construct validity† under ethical considerations (Smith and Mackie, 2000, p. 36). Control refers to the manipulation of an experiment’s dependent variable towards an expected observation. Its purpose is to aide multiple group comparison between observations in experimental and controlled set ups (Jackson, 2011). A confound refers to uncontrollable factor in an experiment. Experimental design is an example of a design that can have three confounds. Some of the ways of controlling confounds are â€Å"use of random sampling,† â€Å"use of equivalent control group,† and blinding of

Office Management Essay Example for Free

Office Management Essay In the present, technology has already advanced so much that it has affected in significant level almost all of aspect of life of the society. Humanity’s lifestyles, works and basic responsibilities are now made easier and as efficient as possible including the field of professional dentistry. In this aspect, integration of the modern technology to the systematic processes in the office dentistry has optimized its production and improved the quality of its services in a significant level raising the standards in this field higher. Application of technology in the office dentistry has been determined to affect several tasks and processes in the said field in a positive manner. One is that it helps to promote the diagnostic communication between the practitioner and the patient through the advancements such as digital imagery and X-rays. With the aid of technology, dentist can now elaborate the situation of their patient through visual tools. Another is that technology widens the available services of each dentist practitioner by innovating several machines that are capable of the complicated tasks in the dentistry field. Also, technological application is known also to reduce the tiresome works in the dentist office such as the accounting responsibility with the aid of programs and softwares that can efficient handle the said tasks. In addition, the tasks of practice management is also optimized by technology as it promotes several aspects such as the communication between concerned parties, organization of paper works and files, and aid the plan of the financial matters of the office. Indeed, technology can significant boosts the service quality and efficiency of the dentistry office. Also, it can reduce the stress and tiresome tasks that the practitioner must handle allocating more time for the professional to invest in his or her field of expertise. However, in the course of integrating technological advancement in the office management and process, involved individual must plan two important aspects to maximize the effectivity of the said approach. First is that the financial investment must be thoroughly planned for the complete application. Second, the future budget allocation must also be considered for the upgrades and updates of the technology integrated in the dentistry office. With these factors completely addressed, the office can now integrate modern technology to its system to optimized their service quality for their patients.

Cortes : The Two Face :: essays research papers

Cortes: The Two Face   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Don Fernando Cortes was either a misguided religious extremist on a quest to serve his earthly king and immortal god or simply an entrepreneur who wished to achieve great status, power and wealth. Cortes is in love with the idea of conquering new worlds in the name of God to convert their heathen inhabitants into righteous followers of Jesus. The problem is that Cortes is also in love with himself and the future power that he might one day hold. Cortes is largely a hypocrite and shows that very much through his actions. He often tells his men and the king that God undoubtedly on there side. He attempts to prove this through his accounts where describes his small regiments of no more than one thousand men defeating massive armies of forty thousand to two-hundred thousand Indians. Many times it seems though Cortes truly is being helped by God but he quickly contradicts these possibilities with his sinful actions. Cortes seems to get a large amount of help from God for someone who reacts with merciless vengeance and accepts slave women as gifts. However, one might say that Cortes could be forgiven for his ignorance in accepting human beings as property because in the 1500’s the Catholic Church in Spain lead its followers to believe that the act of slavery was in fact not a sin. Cortes explains that he merely wants to enslave the Indians so that they may better learn the ways of the Catholic Church and of Spanish culture. He figured that it was his duty to enslave these people because it was the only way of turning them away from their horrible sins such cannibalism, sodomy, and their horrific practices of sacrifice. Cortes attributes much of his success and victory to the will of God. â€Å"They should observe that God was on our side, and to Him nothing is impossible, for, as they saw, we had won so many victories in which so many of the enemy had died, and none of us.†(Cortes, 63) He feels that God is helping him to punish theses people for their sins and save their souls by helping to enslave them for it’s the only way to lead them towards Jesus Christ. There is a chance that Cortes truly was a genuinely a religious man believed strongly in the true principles of the Catholic faith but it’s not likely.

Christopher Columbus Essay

Christopher Columbus has been commemorated in hundreds of thousands of ways across North and South America. He has roads named in his honor, towns, structures and even America’s capital! Is Columbus truly deserving of these admirations though? After all, he did discover the land that we inhabit today so how could anybody have any issues with this voyager’s endeavors? Countless people miss the fact though that there were already humans occupying what we know as North America today. Numerous people were taught early on all of the accomplishments Columbus made, but overlook the full truth of this celebrated man. The question then comes to be â€Å"Who is Christopher Columbus?† Is he truly the guy that many Americans title a hero? The man whose expedition was the paramount stage in an extensive course that eventually created the United States? Or, is Columbus the flawed character that many have suggested. In the autumn of 1451, the wife of a wool-weaver in Genoa gave birth to a boy who was destined to change the course of history. â€Å"Columbus is believed to have been born somewhere between August 26th and October 31. He was the eldest son of Domenico Colombo, a Genoese wool worker and merchant, and Susanna Fontanarossa, his wife, and was raised in their Christian household.† (Christopher Columbus, Britannica) Columbus was commissioned by the king and queen of Spain to find a route to the Indies. However, he sailed the opposite direction of his intended goal by crossing the Atlantic and landing in the Americas, resulting in the discovery of the New World for Spain. This discovery was a major point in not only European history, but world history. From this, Christopher Columbus gained status as somewhat of a hero to his people during one of the darkest times in Europe’s history. He lived during a time when Europe was in great turmoil caused by disease, famine, and religious persecution. It was also the beginning of an era when finding a direct trade route to the Indies was important. The misconception behind the goal of Columbus’ voyages is that he was not out to achieve wealth alone, but to begin the final expansion of the Gospel that would bring in the end of time. Columbus believed in the Bible and that it was his duty to spread Christianity to the Indians. Until very recen tly, every schoolchild was taught that Christopher Columbus discovered the New World. Columbus was depicted as a brave and determined sailor who singlehandedly convinced Queen Isabella of Spain to fund his voyage. In history books, Columbus was portrayed as a true hero; a man who made it possible for millions of European immigrants to start fresh in a new land. Now, this image of Christopher Columbus is being challenged. Many historians and others claim that Columbus did not â€Å"discover† anything. Before he arrived, the New World already had been discovered by others, Leif Ericksson among them. In addition, the New World was already populated by over five hundred Native American tribes. To call Columbus’s voyage a â€Å"discovery† would be like taking a hundred people, landing in Italy, and saying that these people discovered Italy. Christopher Columbus may have â€Å"encountered† or â€Å"collided with† the New World, but he did not â€Å"discover† it. Many historians argue though that whether Columbus’s voyages are called a discovery, an encounter, or a collision does not matter. No one can deny that Columbus made Europe aware of the New World, and that this awareness had a great impact. It was Columbus who started this new awareness. It is Columbus who should be credited with it. They believe that celebrating Columbus’s voyages is to celebrate the beginning of the new world as we know it today. Works Cited 1) Summerhill, Stephen J., and John Alexander Williams. Sinking Columbus: Contested History, Cultural Politics, and Mythmaking during the Quincentenary. Gainesville: University of Florida, 2000. Print. 2) Bradford, Ernle. Christopher Columbus. New York, NY: Viking, 1973. Print. 3) Szumski, Bonnie, and JoAnne Buggey. Christopher Columbus: Recognizing Stereotypes. San Diego, CA: Greenhaven, 1992. Print. 4) â€Å"Christopher Columbus†. Encyclopà ¦dia Britannica. Encyclopà ¦dia Britannica Online. Encyclopà ¦dia Britannica Inc., 2012. Web. 27 Nov. 2012 .

Autism Observation Paper Essay

Autism is a physical condition linked to abnormal biology and chemistry in the brain. Even though the causes for these abnormalities are unknown, there been a number of possible ways to have autism. For example the mothers diet while being pregnant, digestive track changes, mercury poisoning (which is one of the most well known reasonings), the body’s inability to properly use vitamins and minerals, or vaccine sensitivity. Many parents worry that giving their child a vaccine may lead up to them having autism, and being that a child can seem normal up to eighteen months, parents sometimes would rather wait till the child’s older to give them shots. However it’s important to think of your child’s risks of not having the vaccination. All routine childhood vaccines are available in single-dose forms that do not contain added mercury. Studies have shown that autism effect’s more boys in the world then girls. Some doctors believe’s the increase incidence of autism is from learning new definitions of autism. For example a child that is diagnosed with high-functioning autism today, was probably looked at as odd or strange thirty years ago. Some symptoms parents start to notice around eighteen months is while pretend play, social interactions or verbal or non-verbal communications. Some children appear normal up to age two and then start to regress, lose language and social skills they have gained, which is called regressive autism. Some examples are sensitivity to sight, hearing, touch, smell, or taste. Have unusual distress, repeats body movements, or shows unusual attachments to objects. Some symptoms can moderate to severe like communicating with gestures instead of words, cannot start a conversation, speaks slow or not at all or repeats words that they’ve remembered from before. Children with autism usually don’t make friends, shows lack of empathy, may treat people like objects, or is withdrawn. Some act up, have short attention spans, or gets stuck on single topics. A child with autism can’t exactly go through a day like a normal child, but with help from others, they can definitely try to. They are very smart children, just may have a harder time understanding and doing things. For my site visit, I visited an after school program call â€Å"The Ymywaha† which is owned privately. In the classroom I visited the children were twos and threes. There were about fifteen kids in the class including two autistic boys around three years old. There was one main teacher, and assistant teacher and a helper for the two boys. I visited this class from three-thirty pm to around four-forty five pm. When I arrived the children were coming in from playing on the playground. They came in washed their hands and got ready to sit and talk about the butterflies they were growing in class. At this point, their butterflies were still in cacoons. Not only did they have butterflies in the classroom they had baby chicks. The children were well behaved and cooperated with the teachers. Except for one little boy, he was one that is autistic. When the teacher gathered the children to talk about their butterflies, he wanted to play with the baby chicks. He turned around ignored the class and stared at the baby chicks. A little long after, he picked up one of the chicks and held on to it really tight. His helper asked him to put the chick back, but he refused, she asked again and he refused, She then explained that they are talking about the butterflies right now and after then were done then he can play with the baby chicks. He dropped the chick and ran out the classroom. The helper teacher ran after him and spoke to him out in the hall. He walked back in calmly and sat with his other children. When I asked, I was told he was very rebellious. Quickly he got involved with the butterflies and forgot about wanting to play with the baby chicks. Meanwhile the other little boy with autism in the same class was more withdrawn from everyone. He was very quite and didn’t say or want to do much. He didn’t really interact with the other children. When I asked about him, the teachers explained that he doesn’t speak very well, but he’s very smart. It would take him a while to get things done but he does a great job. During the day at daycare he had speech classes to help his development in language. I enjoyed my visit. It taught me not one but, about two types of autism and helped me understand it a little better. I got to witness an autistic child act-up and see how a teacher would handle that child. I also enjoy the children in the class. I couldn’t believe how smart those little people are.

The 15 Most Loved, Read, and Shared Career Articles of 2015

The 15 Most Loved, Read, and Shared Career Articles of 2015 What a year! We have finally reached the final week of 2015. There are a lot of career advice and job seeking tips out there. But some career advice just stands above the rest. We have analyzed what our readers loved the most in 2015 and compiled this list of the most popular career advice to get you supercharged for the year ahead. 5 Clues That It’s Time to QuitHere are 5 tell-tale warning signs that may indicate it’s time for you to start job hunting. when you are ready,  browse over 498,547 new jobs on TheJobNetwork.Show Me The Money: 8 Good-Paying Part-Time JobsPart-time jobs are lucrative and plentiful, but finding them means knowing where to look. Here is a list of 8 good part time jobs to help you get started.How Not To Job Hunt: Tips from an Executive RecruiterA longtime recruiting professional knows what he looks for in an executive job seeker–and what he avoids.Top 9 Stress Relieving Activities at Work That’ll Keep You HappyEver wish a stress s uperhero could save you from chaotic meetings, fast approaching deadlines, never ending projects or traffic jams? Well, you can become your own stress-busting superhero. Here are some quick and easy stress relieving activities at work that will keep you happy and productive!4 Questions That Will Make You Rage QuitHere are four questions you should ask yourself when deciding if it’s time to cut bait and look for a new job.The 35 Highest Paying Jobs You Can Get Without a Bachelors DegreeNo Bachelors degree? No problem. Here is a list of 35 potential careers to consider. Some even come with a median salary of $122,530!10 Nursing Careers You Didn’t Know ExistedThe nursing field is one of the fastest growing in the country. As healthcare modernizes and expands from the ER into the app store, there are a number of new opportunities to look out for as you consider nursing or look to explore a new area of your career.8 Hilarious Truck Signs Spotted On the RoadTake a break! Her e are  some of the most hilarious truck signs spotted on the road.The 9 Worst Mistakes You Can Ever Make at WorkHere are some key mistakes to avoid if you want to remain at the top of your work game.Crush your Next Job Interview with These 12 QuestionsHaving appropriate questions to ask after your interview can be the determining factor on whether or not you get the job.8 Red Flags Employers See on Your ResumeRecruiters watch for certain items on a resume and, if you have any of those on yours, that might be the reason why you don’t hear back.4 Resume Best Practices for 2016To help you get started, here are some tips to get your resume ready to compete in the new year.6 Tips for Job Hunting While You’re Still EmployedLooking for a new job while still employed in another makes you more employable; however, it can backfire if your current employer finds out. Here are some great tips to help your job search while you are still employed.Why You Should Say ‘Thank Yo u’ Instead of ‘Sorry’Over apologizing can lead others to doubt you or lose confidence in your abilities. Here is a comic by Yao Xiao suggests  how using â€Å"thank you† instead of â€Å"sorry† can have a much different effect.Top 5 Reasons Why You Didn’t Get HiredWant to know some red flags that will make hiring managers toss your resume to the bottom of the pile? Here is a list of top 5 deal breakers.SEE ALSO:Trending Career Articles for Healthcare ProfessionalsTop 20 Job Seeking Tips for Office and Admin ProfessionalsEverything You Need to Know to Get  a Commercial Driver’s License (CDL)

Byzantine Art Essay Example for Free (#2)

Byzantine Art Essay There are many differences and similarities between the following two pieces of art; the Toreador Fresco and the Egyptian Fowling Scene. The Toreador Fresco is a fresco depicting a bull-leaping ceremony. It is from the palace at Knossos(Crete), Greece and from around 1450-1400 BCE. The Egyptian Fowling Scene is a mural painting from the tomb of Nebamun. It is from Thebes, Egypt and from the 18th Dynasty, ca. 1400-1350 BCE. The styles between these two periods are very different, but there are still a few similarities found between the two pieces of art. The Toreador Fresco depicts a bull in the center, and a man leaping over its back. There is a woman on each side of the bull. Unlike the Fowling Scene, this fresco includes a border. In the Egyptian Fowling Scene, Nebamun is standing in his boat, flushing birds from a papyrus swamp. He is holding his throwing stick in one hand and three birds in the other hand. He is accompanied by his wife and daughter who are both shown holding lotus flowers. In the Toreador Fresco, the bull is the central figure of the painting while in the Fowling Scene every space was filled with lively details such as lotus flowers and butterflies. As for the depiction of the human figure, in the Toreador Fresco, the human figures have stylized shapes with pinched waists and they are highly animated. Also, in order to distinguish between male and female, the artist painted the young women with fair skin and the man with dark skin. This was a widely accepted ancient Minoan convention. This is very different from the depiction of human figures in the Fowling Scene. The skin color of Nebamun, his daughter and his wife are all the same dark color. The artist scaled down their figures in proportion to their rank. The wife and daughter were much smaller than Nebamun. Also, in the Fowling Scene, the animals show a naturalism based on careful observation. One similarity between the paintings was that the human figures were painted with the profile pose with the full-view eye. Another similarity between the two paintings would be that they both represent rituals and traditions. The Toreador Fresco depicts the Minoan ceremony of bull-leaping while the Fowling Scene is a tomb painting showing that Nebamun is enjoying himself in the afterlife. Another difference would be that in the Toreador Fresco, the artist used curved lines to suggest the elasticity of the living and moving beings unlike the Fowling Scene where the depiction of movement was not represented very well. In the Toreador Fresco, the artist also elongated the animal’s shape to show the powerful charge of the bull and used sweeping lines to form a funnel of energy. It is easily seen how the depiction of movement is better represented in the Toreador Fresco than in the Fowling Scene. In the Fowling Scene, the artist used many different and lively colors whereas in the Toreador Fresco, there is not a great variety of colors used. In the Toreador Fresco, you can tell that it is Minoan art by the elegance of the Cretan figures, with their long, curly hair and proud and self-confident bearing. This distinguishes them from all other early figures styles. You can also see a few cultural differences between the two periods just by comparing the two paintings. The human figures in the paintings are all dressed much differently. Also, in ancient Egypt, the artists often used hierarchal scale in their paintings. They would make the size of the human figures larger based on their social status. That is why in the Fowling Scene, the wife and the daughter of Nebamun are much smaller than him. Whereas, in the Toreador Fresco, you do not see a hierarchal scale, the human figures are all the same size. In conclusion, there are many differences and similarities between the Toreador Fresco and the Fowling Scene. Both paintings represent rituals and traditions. Also, they both have figures painted with the profile pose. In the Toreador Fresco, it includes a border and the bull is the central figure. The human figures are wasp-waisted, and highly animated. The depiction of movement is much better represented in this piece of art than the Fowling Scene because the artist used curved lines to emphasize the movement of the figures. He also elongated the bull’s shape to show the powerful charge of the animal and used sweeping lines to form a funnel of energy. In comparison, in the Fowling Scene, the artists filled every space with lively details. The marsh is full of lotus flowers and butterflies. Although the depiction of movement is not shown as well as the Toreador Fresco, a variety of lively colors is shown in the painting. Unlike the Toreador Fresco, the hierarchal scale is shown in the Fowling Scene. Byzantine Art. (2016, Dec 08).

Portrait of Leonilla Princess of Sayn-Wittgenstein-Sayn Assignment - 1

Portrait of Leonilla Princess of Sayn-Wittgenstein-Sayn - Assignment Example In 1841, he was summoned by Queen Victoria to the English court. After painting Queen Victoria in 1842, he returned several times to paint the expansive royal family doing at least 120 works, including a painting commissioned by the Queen which would be given to Prince Albert as a birthday present. Winterhalter painted most of Europe’s royalty (Belgium, France, and England) and the leading aristocracy. His artistic pieces became widely regarded through copies and reproductions.1 Winterhalter did not receive high praise from serious critics. However, his portraits were admired for their sensual nature. His fame among the royals and aristocratic clients was as a result of his ability to create a painting that his clients wanted to display. In 1843, Winterhalter was commissioned to paint Princess Leonilla’s portrait. The Russian-born Princess Leonilla (1816-1918), one of Winterhalter’s royal clients’ was married to Prince Ludwig Aldof Friedrich, the same year she was painted. In 1833, she sat for Winterhalter for an oval portrait that featured her shadowed face, contrasting dark hair and opaline skin, and magnificent pearls. He also painted her again in 1849.2 However, it is the Portrait of Leonilla, Princess of Sayn-Wittgenstein-Sayn that overshadows all her paintings. Winterhalter uses an art style known as Romanticism, in which he ‘humanizes’ his clients, by painting with a more objective view of his subject’s features and bringing out their unique beauty.3 In a daring pose, similar to the scenes of harem and odalisques, the portrait lies on a low sofa set on a balcony overlooking lush tropical scenery. Her unassailable social strata made it possible for Winterhalter to utilize such a carnal pose for a large portrait. Recognized for her glowing beauty and intellect, Leonilla is resplendent in a frill dress of ivory silk with a pink sash on her midriff. A deep purple veil folds